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“十一五”规划期间，中国环保投资力度继续加大，计划投资达13750亿元，比“十五”期间增长64%，环保投入将占同期GDP的1.5%以上。
根据ERM的预测和分析，中国将是全球环保产业增长最快的国家之一。中国环保总局初步测算表明，“十一五”期间，中国环保产业可望保持15%-17%的年均增长速度，2010年环保产业的年收入总值将达到8800-10000亿元。
中国固废处理行业开始于20世纪80年代初，目前在整个环保业中的比重不到10%。随着国家对固废污染控制的重视，中国固废处理行业的发展潜力将逐渐释放。“十一五”期间，中国固废处理行业的年均增长率可望达到15%以上。
2006年，中国进行无害化处理（主要通过填埋、堆肥和焚烧等手段）的城市垃圾量为7872.6万吨，少于2005年，生活垃圾无害化处理率达到53.05%，高于2005年。2010年，中国的城市垃圾无害化处理率将达到60%以上，届时预计城市垃圾处理行业规模将达2000亿元左右。
图：2003-2006中国城市生活垃圾处理量及无害化处理率
整理：水清木华研究中心
2006年，中国工业固体废物综合利用量、贮存量和处置量分别为9.26、2.24和4.29亿吨，工业固体废物利用率达61%，逐年提高。另一方面，工业固废每年的贮存量都在2亿吨以上，工业固废存量压力仍然巨大。
自2004年以来，中国固废处理设备产量总体保持快速增长态势。2008年前2个月，中国固废处理设备产量为357台（座），比2007年同期增长30.8%。2007年全年，中国固废处理设备产量达4707台（座），同比激增83.4%。产量的快速增长表明固废处理设备需求旺盛。
截至2006年底，中国城市垃圾焚烧发电厂已经有60多座，拟建和在建的还有50多座。在中国环保“十一五”发展规划中，垃圾发电是国家今后重点扶持的几个领域之一。而2006年，中国城市垃圾焚烧处理量仅占总处理量的15%，其中焚烧发电量占城市垃圾总处理量的8%，比例偏低，发展前景十分广阔。
本研究报告依据中国国家统计局、中国环境保护部、国家发展与改革委员会、中国建设部、中国机械工业联合会、中国环保产业协会等权威渠道数据，并借鉴了其它研究机构的公开研究结果，部分重点企业数据主要来自公司年报和公司主页。
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2006-2010), China will continue to put more efforts to increase its investment in environmental protection and its total investment is expected to reach CNY1.375 trillion, up 64% compared to the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-2005). The investment in environmental protection will take up at least 1.5% of China’s GDP in the same period.
According to the forecast and the analysis made by ERM, China will be one of the countries with the fastest growth in environment protection industry. The primary estimation of China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection shows that China’s environment protection industry is expected to have an average annual growth rate of 15% to 17% in the five years and its output value is forecast to total CNY880 billion to CNY1 trillion in 2010.
China’s solid waste treatment industry originated in early 1980s. At present, its proportion amounts to less than 10% of the total output value of China’s entire environmental protection industry. As China attaches more and more attention to the solid waste control, development potential in China solid waste treatment industry will be gradually released. In the period 2006-2010, China’s solid waste treatment industry is forecast to have an average annual growth rate of more than 15%.
In 2006, China’s urban refuse treated by biosafety disposal, mainly including landfill, composting and incineration, reached 78.73 million tons, less than that in 2005. China’s biosafety treatment rate of living refuse stood at 53.05%, higher than that in 2005. The biosafety treatment rate of urban refuse in China is expected to exceed 60% in 2010, when the market size of China urban refuse treatment industry is forecast to reach around CNY200 billion.
Urban Living Refuse Treatment Volume and Biosafety Treatment Rate in China 2003-2006
Source: ResearchInChina
In 2006, China’s comprehensive utilization, storage and disposal of industrial solid waste were 926 million tons, 224 million tons and 429 million tons respectively. China’s utilization rate of industrial solid waste reached 61%, indicating a continuous growth year by year. On the other hand, China’s storage volume of industrial solid waste exceeds 200 million tons each year, implying that China is still under great pressure in storage of industrial solid waste.
Since 2004, China’s production of equipment to dispose industrial solid waste has generally maintained a momentum of rapid growth. In the first two months of 2008, China’s production of solid waste treatment equipment was 357 units, up 30.8% year on year. In 2007, China’s production of solid waste treatment equipment reached 4,707 sets, up 83.4% year on year. The rapid growth in production shows that China’s demand for solid waste treatment equipment is quite strong.
By the end of 2006, China has had 60 refuse-fired power plants and another 50 refuse-fired power plants either under construction or in the pipeline. According to the National Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection, refuse-fired power plant is one of the sectors with key support from the central government.
In 2006, China’s Volume of urban refuse treatment through incineration took up only 15% of the total disposal volume and China’s urban refuse treatment volume by refuse-fired power plants accounted for 8% of the total disposal volume, a low proportion, showing a bright future for the development of refuse-incinerated power generating industry.
The report is based on the authoritative statistics from the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Bureau of Statistics, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the China Machinery Industry Federation and the China Association of Environmental Protection Industry, and some research findings publicized by some research institutes as well as some information from websites and financial reports of several key listed companies. |