2009-2010年全球及中国手机基频（基带，Baseband）研究报告 >> 水清木华研究中心

　　2009年单论基频出货量，联发科如愿以偿取得全球第一的位置，并且2010年仍然能够保持全球第一。联发科取得全球第一的幕后英雄毫无疑问是山寨机，也就是白牌（grey brand）机。

　　中国的白牌手机服务全球，它们能够迅速改变设计来应对全球各个市场的需求，具备极高效率，同时广东完善的手机产业链也使其具备无可比拟的成本竞争力。在联发科的总出货中，白牌和品牌的比例大约为6:4，而增长动力来自白牌。

　　2008年，联发科取得了LG和摩托罗拉的认同，但只局限于低端产品。三星、诺基亚、索爱、RIM和苹果认同联发科的可能性不大。因此联发科已经到达成长的天花板，很难再进一步。2G时代的成功也导致其对3G的投入不够，抑或者联发科没有估计到3G、3.5G 来的如此之快。

　　3G 时代，所有厂家都要面临高通这个最大的竞争对手。高通WCDMA的MSM系列产品早在2001年就已经推出，历经多年的改进，是目前最优秀的产品。而廉价的QSC系列也经历了5年的磨练，也是目前性价比最优秀的产品。

　　智能手机领域，联发科也不具备优势。联发科的智能手机芯片推广极其困难，因为它和江河日下的Windows Mobile捆绑在一起，又不支持3G，其性能远不能和主流的智能手机CPU相比。多媒体性能、3D图形生成、浮点运算能力等，这些都不是联发科擅长的。这需要长时间的积累和及早布局，目前只有高通和Marvell做到了单芯片含Modem的智能手机CPU，高通在10年前就已经开始布局。即便是联发科临时改投Android门下，也太晚了。

　　而试图要取代联发科地位的晨星出现了，该公司2006年进入手机领域，历经多次收购后取得相关能力。目前已有4款基频推出。竞争策略一是低价，二是客户无论大小，支持力度都很足。而联发科正在努力朝品牌客户、大客户转移，这自然给晨星和展讯留下市场空间。不过白牌市场是一个风险很大，波动很大的市场。白牌手机100%使用走私电子元件是业内公开的秘密，政策风险极大。和这种高风险客户为伍，不是一个眼光长远厂家所应该做的，这也是联发科谋求转型的原因之一。同时晨星的产品线不足，联发科的成功不仅是推出了基频产品，其他的如射频收发器、电源管理、蓝牙、触摸屏、WLAN、FM收音、USB等，联发科全部都能提供。强大的模拟、混合信号、RF能力，这才是联发科过人之处。单独一款纯数字的基频没什么难度，互芯、Skyworks、硅实验室等很多厂家都推出过，但后来都退出此领域。

　　英飞凌在2010年全面开花，诺基亚低端产品部分使用，与苹果的合作也异常紧密，英飞凌是苹果手机基频唯一供应商，iPhone 4将让英飞凌获益。LG也将英飞凌作为主供应商，高中低端产品都大量使用英飞凌的产品。不过对英飞凌来说，手机部门的利润率远低于其他部门，而占有的资金和资源却远高于其他部门。一直有传言说，英特尔有意收购英飞凌的手机部门，一旦收购成功，英特尔就重回手机领域。以英特尔的雄厚实力，基频业界竞争激烈程度必然大增。

　　Broadcom在2010年也是收获的一年，诺基亚低端产品大量使用Broadcom的基频，国内也有客户使用。2009年与高通的官司获胜也让Broadcom获得近7亿美元巨额赔偿。Broadcom的不足之处在于其产品线太长，对手机领域的投入力量被分散了，耕耘多年，收获不多。

　　德州仪器显得失落，手机基频已经不是其核心业务，但毕竟和诺基亚合作多年，出货量还是很大。RAPUYAMA在2010年也大量出货，德州仪器基频业务依然能维持15亿美元的收入。ST-ERICSSON也在下滑，且连续亏损，三家合并的成效并不明显，智能手机领域产品缺失，应用处理器本来很优秀，后来也退出了。

　　中高端领域，大客户LG和三星都加大了对英飞凌的采购力度，尤其是LG。低端领域，诺基亚加大了对Broadcom和英飞凌的依赖程度。TD-SCDMA是其最大亮点，但受到来自联发科的挑战。

　　Marvell产品性能一流，就是价格太高，好在有大客户RIM支持。飞思卡尔仍然和诺基亚与摩托罗拉有业务往来，与诺基亚联合开发的RAPIDOYAWE还是诺基亚的旗舰。展讯则受益联发科转型，出货量大增。

　　最稳固的是高通，销售额是第二名联发科的两倍还多，并且在3G、4G各个领域都是绝对的第一位，智能手机领域也是异常强大。

2009年全球手机基频厂家出货量与收入

2009年出货量

（百万单元）

2009年收入

（百万美元）

ST-ERICSSON

228

1954

SPREADTRUM

23

105

MTK

351

2485

QUALCOMM

345

6135

TI

288

1725

FREESCALE

55

418

INFINEON

135

917

BROADCOM

22

138

MARVELL

20

298

OTHERS

42

208

As far as baseband shipment is concerned, Mediatek ranked first worldwide in 2009 and it continue its leadership in this respect in 2010. It is beyond doubt that knockoff cell phones, i.e. grey brand phones, played the leading role in MTK’s great success.

China’s grey brand cellphones can change the design quickly to meet the demand from all markets worldwide, which are characterized by exceedingly high efficiency and comparable cost competitiveness since the well-developed cell phone industry chain in Guangdong, China. Among MTK’s total shipment, grey brand cell phones and brand ones occupy 60% and 40% respectively, while the growth is mainly driven by grey brands.

In 2008, MTK was accepted by LG and Motorola, but only confined to low-end products. However, it is with little possibility of gaining acceptance from Samsung, Nokia, Sony Ericsson, RIM and Apple, therefore, MTK has witnessed its peak and is hard to make any further progress. The success of MTK in 2G era also leads to its inadequate investment for 3G, or it can be said that the so fast arrival of 3G and 3.5G is beyond MTK’s imagination.

In 3G era, all manufacturers should be faced with the biggest competitor, Qualcomm. Qualcomm WCDMA MSM series of products were launched as early as in 2001, and now they have become the best products currently after years of improvements. In the meantime, the low-price QSC series also have been the excellent product with best cost performance after five-year improvement.

MTK doesn’t enjoy advantages in smart phone field, and it is extremely difficult for MTK to popularize its smart phone chip, which is bundled with the deteriorating Windows Mobile, plus not supporting 3G, so its performance is far behind that of mainstream smartphone CPU. Furthermore, MTK is not good at multimedia processing, 3D graphic generation, and floating-point computing power, all of which requires a long period of time of accumulation and carrying early layout. Now, only Qualcomm and Marvell are capable of producing smart phone CPU with Modem, since Qualcomm started layout a decade ago. Noticeably, it is too late even if MTK temporarily goes for Android.

Morningstar made its debut in mobile phone field in 2006 and obtained relevant capabilities after several acquisitions, aiming to replace MTK. So far, Morningstar has already rolled out four models of baseband, with the strategy of low prices carried out and full support to both big customers and small ones. In comparison, MTK is striving to transfer to brand clients and big clients, which will out of question leave market space for Morningstar and Spreadtrum. Nevertheless, grey brand market is highly risky with sharp fluctuations, since all of grey brand cell phones are assembled by the smuggled components, which is acknowledged within the industry. Such high risk is an obstacle for MTK development in the future, which is one of reasons that it seeks for transformation. However, Morningstar has incomplete product lineup, while MTK is capable of providing not only baseband products, but also RF transceiver, power management, Bluetooth, touch screen, WLAN, FM radio, and USB. The powerful strength in analog, mixed signal and RF capabilities is the real superiority of MTK. There is not so much difficulty in producing a simply digital baseband since many manufacturers such as Coolsand, Skyworks and Silicon Labs all had issued before, but exited the field later.

Infineon booms in 2010, with its products being employed by part of Nokia low-end products. Also, Infineon carries the increasingly close cooperation with Apple. As the sole supplier of Apple’s cellphone baseband, Infineon will benefit from iPhone 4. In addition, LG takes Infineon as its key supplier and the high, medium and low-end products of LG largely apply Infineon’s products. Yet, Infineon’s cell phone division characterizes far lower profit margin than other sectors, but possessing higher capital and resources. It is said that Intel intends to acquire Infineon’s cellphone division, and Intel will return to the cell phone field once it succeeds. It can be imagined that the competition in baseband market will keep growing fierce due to Intel’s powerful strength.

The year of 2010 is also fruitful for Broadcom, with its baseband massively adopted by Nokia’s low-end products as well as applied by some domestic clients. Wining the lawsuit against Qualcomm in 2009 also brings the huge compensation of US$700 million to Broadcom. Negatively, Broadcom has too wide a range of product lines, with scattered investment for cell phone filed resulting in little gains even after many years’ efforts.

TI is a bit depressed, but it still has huge shipments due to years’ cooperation with Nokia even though cell phone baseband is not its core business. TI baseband business income can still keep around US$1.5 billion. At the same time, RAPUYAMA makes a great deal of shipment as well in the year of 2010, but ST-ERICSSON suffers from successive losses.

In the medium and high-end field, the big clients, both LG and Samsung, especially LG, have increased procurement for Infineon; while Nokia enhances reliance in the low-end field on Broadcom and Infineon. TD-SCDMA is the highlight of ST-Ericsson, but challenged by MTK.

Marvell’s products are of first-class performance but with too high price. Luckily, it received strong support from the big client, RIM. Freescale still cooperates with Nokia and Motorola, and RAPIDOYAWE, jointly developed with Nokia, has become Nokia’s flagship. Benefiting from MTK’s transformation, Spreadtrum’s shipment has boosted up.

Qualcomm performs most steadily, and sales of which more than doubles that of MTK. Qualcomm holds the absolute leadership both in 3G and in 4G field, and it is also extremely powerful in smart phone field.

Shipment and Revenue of Global Cell Phone Baseband Vendors, 2009

	Shipment, 2009 (million units)	Revenue, 2009 (USD mln)
ST-Ericsson	228	1,954
Spreadtrum	23	105
MTK	351	2,485
Qualcomm	345	6,135
TI	288	1,725
Freescale	55	418
Infineon	135	917
Broadcom	22	138
Marvell	20	298
Others	42	208

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2007-2012年全球手机出货量
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三星2008年1季度到2010年1季度每季度手机出货量统计
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2004-2010财年黑莓手机销量
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OMAP44X内部框架图
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2001-2010财年Marvell收入与运营利润率统计
PXA910/920 内部框架图
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2009年前9月高通专利授权新客户地域分布
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MSM6280、MSM7200、MSM7200A特色对比
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BCM21331内部框架图
BCM2133内部框架图
BCM2152内部框架图
BCM21551内部框架图
BCM2153内部框架图
展讯2004-2009年收入与运营利润
展讯2007年1季度到2010年1季度收入与毛利率统计
展讯EDGE基频产品规划图
展讯3G基频路线图
展讯的SC6600V CMMB手机电视解决方案
展讯手机电视多媒体解决方案发展路线图
展讯产品一览
SC8800S 典型应用图
QS3000 内部框架图
2008年1季度-2010年1季度ST-ERICSSON收入与运营利润统计
ST-ERICSSON路线图
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U335系统框架图
U365系统框架图
U330系统框架图
6710系统框架图
T7211系统框架图
PNX6529系统框架图
PNX6710系统框架图
PNX6517系统框架图
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MOTO KRAVE ZN4零部件及供应商清单
N95 零部件及供应商清单
APPLE IPHONE 16GB（2G）零部件及供应商清单
Motorola Droid零部件及供应商清单
BlackBerry Tour 9630零部件及供应商清单
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Global Cell Phone Shipment by Technology, 2007Q1-2009Q4
Global CDMA/WCDMA Cell Phone Shipment by Region, 2006-2010
Market Shares of Global Key Cell Phone Manufacturers, 2009
Market Shares of Global Key Cell Phone Manufacturers, 2010Q1
Market Shares of Global Smart Phone Manufacturers, 2008-2010
Market Shares of China’s Key Cell Phone Manufacturers, 2008
Market Shares of China’s Key Cell Phone Manufacturers, 2009
China’s Cell Phone Output, 2004-2012E
Market Shares of China’s Key Smart Phone Manufacturers, 2008-2009
iPhone 3G PCB
Motorola Droid Block Diagram
BlackBerry Tour 9630 Block Diagram
T-Mobile (Sharp) Sidekick LX Block Diagram
Current Typical Top-class Cell Phone Kernel
ARM Kernel Roadmap
Cortex-A9 Kernel
ST-Ericsson U8500 System
Cortex A5 Block Diagram
ARM Mali Graphics Structure
Typical Cell Phones with PowerVR
Market Shares of Global Key Baseband Manufacturers by Shipment, 2009
Market Shares of Global Key Baseband Manufacturers by Revenue, 2009
Market Shares of Global Key Baseband Manufacturers by Shipment, 2010
Market Shares of Global Key Baseband Manufacturers by Revenue, 2010
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Nokia Cell Phone Shipment and Average Price, 2008Q1-2010Q1
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Nokia Cell Phone Sales by Region, 2009Q1 VS 2010Q1
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Samsung Quarterly Cell Phone Shipment, 2008Q1-2010Q1
Samsung Cell Phone Average Export Price & Operating Profit Margin, 2007Q1-2010Q1
Sony Ericsson Shipment & Average Selling Price, 2008Q1-2010Q1
Sony Ericsson Revenue & Operating Profit Margin, 2008Q1-2010Q1
LG Cell Phone Shipment and Annual Growth Margin, 2001-2009
LG Cell Phone Quarterly Sales & Operating Profit Margin, 2008Q1-2010Q1
LG Cell Phone Revenue by Region, 2007Q1-2009Q3
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BlackBerry Cell Phone Sales, FY2004-FY2010
RIM Sales by Model, Oct, 2009
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HTC Shipment & Average Price, 2004-2010
MTK Revenue & Gross Profit Margin, 2001-2010E
MTK Revenue & Handset Chipset Shipment, 2006-2010E
MTK Product Roadmap
MT6229 Block Diagram
MT6253 Block Diagram
ADI TD-SCDMA Roadmap
ADI TD-SCDMA Block Diagram
AD6905 Block Diagram
TI Revenue by Division, 2007-2009
TI Operating Profit by Division, 2007-2009
TI OMAP Roadmap
OMAP 4 Series
OMAP44X Block Diagram
OMAP44X Typical Application
OMAP44X Software Structure
Block Diagram of TWL6030 Power Management and TWL6040 Audio Back-end Processing Coupled with OMAP44X
Marvell Revenue & Operating Profit Margin, FY2001-FY2010
PXA910/920 Block Diagram
Revenue of Infineon Communication Division, FY2008 Q1- FY2010 Q2
Infineon Cell Phone Roadmap
XMM6130 System Frame
Broadcom Revenue by Division, 2007-2009
BCM2124 Block Diagram
BCM21331 Block Diagram
BCM2133 Block Diagram
BCM2152 Block Diagram
BCM21551 Block Diagram
BCM2153 Block Diagram
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Spreadtrum Revenue & Gross Profit Margin, 2007Q1-2010Q1
Spreadtrum EDGE Baseband Product Plan
Spreadtrum 3G Baseband Roadmap
Spreadtrum SC6600V CMMB Cell Phone TV Solution
Spreadtrum TV Multimedia Solution Development Roadmap
Spreadtrum Products
SC8800S Typical Application
QS3000 Block Diagram
ST-Ericsson Revenue & Operating Profit, 2008Q1-2010Q1
ST-Ericsson Roadmap
U8500 System Frame
U335 System Frame
U365 System Frame
U330 System Frame
6710 System Frame
T7211 System Frame
PNX6529 System Frame
PNX6710 System Frame
PNX6517 System Frame
MStar Worldwide Distribution
MStar Human Resource Distribution
MStar Employee Education Background Distribution
Freescale Revenue by Product, 2006-2009
BlackBerry Bold Parts & Suppliers
BlackBerry Storm Parts & Suppliers
HTC Touch Parts & Suppliers (CDMA)
Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1 Parts & Suppliers
T-Mobile T1 Parts & Suppliers
MOTO Krave ZN4 Parts & Suppliers
N95 Parts & Suppliers
Apple iPhone 16GB (2G) Parts & Suppliers
Motorola Droid Parts & Suppliers
BlackBerry Tour 9630 Parts & Suppliers
T-Mobile (Sharp) Sidekick LX Parts & Suppliers
Microsoft Kin Parts & Suppliers
Cortex A5 Performance
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 51 Types of Nokia Cell Phones
Nokia E72 Key Components & Suppliers
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 17 Types of Motorola Cell Phones, 2010
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 25 Types of Samsung Cell Phones, 2010
Sony Ericsson Cell Phone Platforms
Baseband Models of Ten RIM Cell Phones
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 24 Types of K-Touch Cell Phones, 2010
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 19 Types of Huawei Cell Phones, 2010
Baseband Models and Suppliers of 26 Types of ZTE Cell Phones, 2010
Cell Phones with OMAP3430
Marvell ARMAD Series
Infineon Baseband Products
Broadcom M&A Overview
Broadcom Cell Phone Products
Spreadtrum Cell Phone Baseband Chip Shipment, 2005-2008
Freescale Cell Phone Revenue, 2006Q1-2010Q1